LSSEM 07: The Language of Discrimination

Artikel-Nr.: ISBN 9783862887903
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The Language of Discrimination
 
Karen Stollznow
University of New England
 
Language is one of the main ways that discrimination is enacted. In the discourse of discrimination there is a set of key words that denote the processes of prejudice. This book discusses the lexical semantics of this field of words and how, as a cognitive process, they underlie insults, hate speech, slurs, derogatory phrases, terms of abuse and other linguistic acts of discrimination. Stollznow presents a semantic analysis employing reductive paraphrase, using data sourced from naturally occurring examples and corpora. Relevant semantic phenomena are also examined, such as synonymy, polysemy, metaphor, euphemism and dysphemism, semantic shift, pejoration, amelioration and reclamation. This book examines the way people enact racism, sexism, ageism and other forms of discrimination in language.  
 
 
CONTENTS                                                                                                                        
 
Acknowledgements                                                                                                                   
Abstract                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
Chapter 1 – Introduction and Literature Review
 
1.1          Introduction                                                                                                                                   
1.2          Aims and Objectives                                                                                                   
1.3          Literature Review                                                                                                        
1.4          Methodology                                                                                                                
 
Chapter 2 – The Rhetorical Dimension of Discrimination
 
2.0         Introduction                                                                                                                   
 
Insult
2.1         Introduction                                                                                                                                                   
2.1.1      Lexicographical and Scholarly Definitions of insult                                         
2.1.2      NSM Explication of insult                                                                                          
2.1.3      Examples of Usage and Commentary                                                                 
2.1.4      Semantic and Pragmatic Phenomena                                                                  
2.1.5      Metaphor and insult                                                                                                   
2.1.6      Semiotics and insult                                                                                                    
 
Abuse
2.2         Introduction                                                                                                                   
2.2.1      Lexicographical and Scholarly Definitions of abuse                                        
2.2.2      NSM Explication of abuse                                                                                                         
2.2.3      Examples of Usage and Commentary                                                                 
2.2.4      Semantic and Pragmatic Phenomena                                                                  
2.2.5      Metaphor and abuse                                                                                                 
 
Denigrate
2.3         Introduction                                                                                                                   
2.3.1      Lexicographical and Scholarly Definitions of denigrate                 
2.3.2      NSM Explication of denigrate                                                                  
2.3.3      Examples of Usage and Commentary                                                                 
2.3.4      Semantic and Pragmatic Phenomena                                                                  
2.3.5      Metaphor and denigrate                                                                                          
 
Vilify
2.4         Introduction                                                                                                                   
2.4.1      Lexicographical and Scholarly Definitions of vilify                                           
2.4.2      NSM Explication of vilify                                                                                            
2.4.3      Examples of Usage and Commentary                                                                 
2.4.4      Semantic and Pragmatic Phenomena                                                                  
2.4.5      Metaphor and vilify                                                                                                    
 
Offend
2.5         Introduction                                                                                                                   
2.5.1      Lexicographical and Scholarly Definitions of offend                                      
2.5.2      NSM Explication of offend                                                                                       
2.5.3      Examples of Usage and Commentary                                                                 
2.5.4      Semantic and Pragmatic Phenomena                                                                  
2.5.5      Metaphor and offend                                                                                                
 
2.6        Conclusion                                                                                                                      
 
 
Chapter 3 – The Social Dimension of Discrimination
 
3.0         Introduction                                                                                                                   
 
Dehumanise
3.1         Introduction                                                                                                                   
3.1.1      Lexicographical and Scholarly Definitions of dehumanise                           
3.1.2      NSM Explication of dehumanise                                                                            
3.1.3      Examples of Usage and Commentary                                                                 
3.1.4      Semantic and Pragmatic Phenomena                                                                  
3.1.5      Metaphor and dehumanise                                                                                    
 
Demonise
3.2         Introduction                                                                                                                   
3.2.1      Lexicographical and Scholarly Definitions of demonise                
3.2.2      NSM Explication of demonise                                                                 
3.2.3      Examples of Usage and Commentary                                                                 
3.2.4      Semantic and Pragmatic Phenomena                                                                  
3.2.5      Metaphor and demonise                                                                                         
 
Marginalise
3.3         Introduction                                                                                                                   
3.3.1      Lexicographical and Scholarly Definitions of marginalise                             
3.3.2      NSM Explication of marginalise                                                              
3.3.3      Examples of Usage and Commentary                                                                 
3.3.4      Semantic and Pragmatic Phenomena                                                                  
3.3.5      Metaphor and marginalise                                                                                       
 
Stigmatise
3.4         Introduction                                                                                                                   
3.4.1      Lexicographical and Scholarly Definitions of stigmatise                
3.4.2      NSM Explication of stigmatise                                                                 
3.4.3      Examples of Usage and Commentary                                                                 
3.4.4      Semantic and Pragmatic Phenomena                                                                  
3.4.5      Metaphor and stigmatise                                                                                         
 
Discriminate
3.5         Introduction                                                                                                                   
3.5.1      Lexicographical and Scholarly Definitions of discriminate                            
3.5.2      NSM Explication of discriminate                                                                            
3.5.3      Examples of Usage and Commentary                                                                 
3.5.4      Semantic and Pragmatic Phenomena                                                                  
3.5.5      Metaphor and discriminate                                                                                     
 
3.6        Conclusion                                                                                                                      
 
Chapter 4 – The Cognitive Dimension of Discrimination
 
4.0         Introduction                                                                                                                   
 
Stereotype
4.1         Introduction                                                                                                                   
4.1.1      Lexicographical and Scholarly Definitions of stereotype                              
4.1.2      NSM Explication of stereotype                                                               
4.1.3      Examples of Usage and Commentary                                                                 
4.1.4      Semantic and Pragmatic Phenomena                                                                  
4.1.5      Metaphor and stereotype                                                                                       
 
Intolerance
4.2         Introduction                                                                                                                   
4.2.1      Lexicographical and Scholarly Definitions of intolerance                             
4.2.2      NSM Explication of intolerance                                                              
4.2.3      Examples of Usage and Commentary                                                                 
4.2.4      Semantic and Pragmatic Phenomena                                                                  
4.2.5      Metaphor and intolerance                                                                                       
 
Prejudice
4.3         Introduction                                                                                                                                   
4.3.1      Lexicographical and Scholarly Definitions of prejudice                 
4.3.2      NSM Explication of prejudice                                                                  
4.3.3      Examples of Usage and Commentary                                                                 
4.3.4      Semantic and Pragmatic Phenomena                                                                  
4.3.5      Metaphor and prejudice                                                                                          
 
Xenophobia
4.4         Introduction                                                                                                                   
4.4.1      Lexicographical and Scholarly Definitions of xenophobia                            
4.4.2      NSM Explication of xenophobia                                                                             
4.4.3      Examples of Usage and Commentary                                                                                 
4.4.4      Semantic and Pragmatic Phenomena                                                                  
4.4.5      Metaphor and xenophobia                                                                                     
 
Racism
4.5         Introduction                                                                                                                   
4.5.1      Lexicographical and Scholarly Definitions of racism                        
4.5.2      NSM Explication of racism                                                                                        
4.5.3      Examples of Usage and Commentary                                                                 
4.5.4      Semantic and Pragmatic Phenomena                                                                  
4.5.5      Metaphor and racism                                                                                                 
 
Sexism
4.6         Introduction                                                                                                                   
4.6.1      Lexicographical and Scholarly Definitions of sexism                       
4.6.2      NSM Explication of sexism                                                                                       
4.6.3      Examples of Usage and Commentary                                                                 
4.6.4      Semantic and Pragmatic Phenomena                                                                  
4.6.5      Metaphor and sexism                                                                                                
4.7         Conclusion                                                                                                                      
 
 
Chapter 5 – Perspectives on Overt and Covert Discrimination
          In Language
 
5.0          Introduction                                                                                                                   
5.1          Perspectives on Covert Discrimination in Language                                      
5.2          Perspectives on Overt Discrimination in Language                                        
5.3          Conclusion                                                                                                                      
 
Chapter 6 – Recommendations and Conclusions                                                                                          
 
6.0          Thesis Conclusion                                                                                                        
6.1          Directions for Future Research                                                               
 
Bibliography
 
ISBN 9783862887903 (Hardbound). LINCOM Studies in Semantics 07. 418pp. 2017.

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